Sunday, January 26, 2020

TAU Algorithm Shows Biblical Samaria Inscriptions Were Written by Just Two Palace Officials and my letter to the Jerusalem Post on "Young " Terrorists

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Yehuda Lave, Spiritual Advisor and Counselor

Yehuda Lave is an author, journalist, psychologist, rabbi, spiritual teacher and coach, with degrees in business, psychology and Jewish Law. He works  with people from all walks of life and helps them in their search for greater happiness, meaning, business advice on saving money,  and spiritual engagement

Love Yehuda Lave

You only need 4 correct out of 10 questions to pass.

   
1) How long did the Hundred Years' War last?   2) Which country makes Panama hats? 
3) From which animal do we get cat gut?
4) In which month do Russians celebrate the October Revolution? 
5) What is a camel's hair brush made of?

 6) The Canary Islands in the Pacific are named after what animal? 
7) What was King George VI's first name? 
8) What color is a purple finch? 
9) Where are Chinese gooseberries from? 
10) What is the color of the black box in a commercial airplane?    Q Q
 
Remember, you need only 4 correct answers to pass. Check your answers below ...  

 

ANSWERS TO QUIZ   1) How long did the Hundred Years War last?      116 years   2) Which country makes Panama hats?    Ecuador   3) From which animal do we get cat gut?       Sheep and Horses   4) In which month do Russians celebrate the October Revolution?    November   5) What is a camel's hair brush made of?    Squirrel fur   6) The Canary Islands in the Pacific are named after what animal?    Dogs   7) What was King George VI's first name?    Albert   8) What color is a purple finch?       Crimson   9) Where are Chinese gooseberries from?    New Zealand   10) What is the color of the black box in a commercial airplane?       Orange (of course)   What do you mean, you failed?

Rabbi Meir Lau.

The smile of an 8 year old boy holding a suitcase tight, ready to go: direction Israel. He was the youngest survivor of the Buchenwald Nazi concentration camp. He called himself Lolik but his real name is Meir Lau. He was chief rabbi of Netanya, chief rabbi of Tel Aviv, chief rabbi of Israel, and today he is the chairman of the Jerusalem shoah museum committee.

The Holocaust was one of the darkest periods in our history but miracles occurred. This story is living proof of this. Am Ysrael Chai!

My letter to the Jerusalem Post on "Young Terrorists--The picture above is Young and gets sympathy not murderers


Check beneath the hood

"Palestinians launch anti-Israel prayer campaign" (January 19) includes a photo of the enemy in the process of attacking us with incendiary balloons. The picture showing hooded attackers has a caption calling them "young" men, but they are hooded. How do you know they are young?The use of the word "young" serves to elicit sympathy for our enemy and has no place in that context.

RABBI YEHUDA LAVE
Jerusalem

― John Grisham Quotes

"Don't compromise yourself - you're all you have." ― John Grisham, The Rainmaker
"In life, finding a voice is speaking and living the truth. Each of you is an original. Each of you has a distinctive voice. When you find it, your story will be told. You will be heard." ― John Grisham
"You live your life today, Not tomorrow, and certainly not yesterday." ― John Grisham
"Some people have more guts than brains." ― John Grisham, The Rainmaker
"If you're gonna be stupid you gotta be tough." ― John Grisham, The Testament
"I'm alone and outgunned, scared and inexperienced, but I'm right." ― John Grisham, The Rainmaker
"Critics should find meaningful work." ― John Grisham
"Life is short..Live to the fullest.." ― John Grisham, The Runaway Jury
"When witnesses concoct lies, they often miss the obvious." ― John Grisham, The Testament
"In one long glorious acknowledgment of failure, he laid himself bare before God." ― John Grisham, The Testament
"All students enter law school with a certain amount of idealism and desire to serve the public, but after three years of brutal competition we care for nothing but the right job with the right firm where we can make partner in seven years and earn big bucks." ― John Grisham, The Rainmaker
"It's amazing how lies grow. You start with a small one that seems easy to cover, then you get boxed in and tell another one. Then another. People believe you at first, then they act upon your lies, and you catch yourself wishing you'd simply told the truth." ― John Grisham, The Client l "With murder, the victim is gone, and not forced to deal with what happened to her. The family must deal with it, but not the victim. ― John Grisham, A Time to Kill

"Privileged people don't march and protest; their world is safe and clean and governed by laws designed to keep them happy." ― John Grisham, The Street Lawyer
"Live your life the way you want. You'll figure it out." ― John Grisham

TAU Algorithm Shows Biblical Samaria Inscriptions Were Written by Just Two Palace Officials

Researchers from the Department of Mathematics at Tel Aviv University led by Prof. Israel Finkelstein of the Department of Archaeology and Early Eastern Cultures and Prof. Eli Pistecky from the School of Physics, developed an innovative method for determining the number of authors of ancient inscription collections discovered in archaeological excavations. They applied these algorithms to dozens of short administrative inscriptions excavated in Samaria, the capital of the Kingdom of Israel, and found that they were written by only two people.

"Based on the findings, we assume that all the inscriptions were written by two people, probably the writers or clerks working for King Jeroboam II, son of Jehoash, who reigned in the first half of the 8th century BCE," said Prof. Finkelstein.

Prof. Eli Turkel, PhD candidate Shira Faigenbaum-Golovin, Dr. Aryeh Schaus and Dr. Barak Sober from the Department of Applied Mathematics participated in the study, which is due to be published Wednesday night in the journal PLOS ONE (Algorithmic handwriting analysis of the Samaria inscriptions illuminates bureaucratic apparatus in biblical Israel).

"Samaritan inscriptions were found in the early 20th century in the excavations of the city of Samaria, the capital of the ancient kingdom of Israel," Prof. Finkelstein explained. "These are clay fragments with ink writings (ostracons) used for administrative bookkeeping. Each one of them bears a short inscription in ancient Hebrew: the year of the king; the merchandize – wine or oil; the geographical location from which the goods came; and sometimes the shipper's name.

Samaritan inscription / Prof. Israel Finkelstein

"These are probably records from a period of seven years during the rule of the important King Jeroboam II, who reigned in the first half of the eighth century BCE. The goods had been shipped from the tribe of Menashe at the heart of the kingdom, near the capital, and some of the names that appear in the inscriptions are also mentioned in the Bible. For many years, scholars have wondered if the inscriptions were written by the King's representatives who sat in those areas outside the capital, or by the King's officials in the capital itself upon the arrival of the goods – which could help to understand the administration of the kingdom, and also estimate the level of literacy at that time," Prof. Finkelstein continued, adding, "We focused the question on the number of writers of Samaritan inscriptions."

To reach an answer, the researchers used an algorithm for analyzing manuscripts which they had developed in a previous study of inscriptions found in Arad – a remote military post of the Kingdom of Judah from around 600 BCE.

"The method is based on comparing and separating pairs of manuscripts in all possible combinations, and determining if they were written by different people," Shira Faigenbaum-Golovin explained. "In Arad, the algorithm showed that the 16 inscriptions were written by at least four people. When we applied the algorithm to 31 of the Samaritan ostracons, we found that there were at least two writers. This finding is important, but this time it did not satisfy us. We wanted to define as many writers as possible, or, in statistical terms, the most likely number of writers. To that end, we needed further development."

In the new work, the researchers conducted a statistical review of possible algorithm errors, which may have resulted from the fact that the Samaritan inscriptions are short and contain only few letters.

"We simulated possible errors, using short excerpts taken from the Arad inscriptions, which we already know," Dr. Barak Sober explained. "For example, we applied the algorithm to pairs of short segments taken from the same inscription in Arad, so we knew in advance that they were written by one person. We discovered that the algorithm was almost never wrong, and so we concluded that it was also accurate in analyzing Samaritan inscriptions. Our conclusion: the number of writers in Samaria was exactly two – with a 95% certainty."

"Despite many attempts, we did not find any textual characteristics that can be attributed to any one writer in particular," added Dr. Arieh Schaus. "The two appear to have been working during the same years, received shipments from the same places and handled the same types of goods. In other words, it can be hypothesized that the two writers or officials acted in parallel, perhaps in shifts, and backed each other up."

"In our research we were able to develop a new and important tool for exploring ancient texts," concluded Prof. Pistecky. "Researchers in this field—paleography, have relied on the form of letters, material and ink, content and more. From now on, with our method, they can also determine the number of writers. In the case of the Samaritan inscriptions, the finding helps us to better understand the administrative practices in the Kingdom of Israel. Another possible conclusion is that the knowledge of writing was not yet very common in Israel at this time – the first half of the 8th century BCE, and was concentrated mainly around the King's Palace. It is conceivable that this ability also enabled the writing of literary texts, such as the writings of the prophets Hosea and Amos, who lived and worked in the Kingdom of Israel."

2019 was Peak Year for Jewish Immigration to Israel, Data Shows By Aryeh Savir, Tazpit News Agency

The year 2019 saw a peak in Aliyah, Jewish immigration to Israel, with 34,872 Jews coming to Jewish State, a 20% increase over the 29,800 that came in 2018, data released by Ofek Israeli shows.

Ofek Israeli (Israeli Horizon) is a company that was established in 2015 following Israeli Government Resolution 1746 of June 2014 that called for the establishment of "a national project to encourage immigration to Israel from all over the world."

Ofek Israeli is guided by the understanding that the State of Israel must take responsibility for the immigration issue and produce long-term plans and effective solutions for the potential Olim.

The company leads the policies on encouraging national immigration and the global activities on this issue, in full cooperation with the Ministry of Immigration and Absorption and with its support.

The majority of the Olim who immigrated to Israel in 2019 came through Ofek Israeli projects operating in 24 countries across four continents.

Over the past four years, Ofek Israeli activities included over 90 Aliyah fairs, 2,500 Ulpan classes for learning Hebrew, 250 seminars, 70 campaigns, as well as a network of advisors and other support services.

In total, over 177,000 people have participated in Ofek Israeli's activities, and more than 120,000 Olim immigrated to Israel since the company was established.

Ofek Israeli markets the State of Israel as a "premium product" that enables unique opportunities for the Olim.

Ofek Israeli explained that the increase in Aliyah in the last three years was the result of Israel's attractiveness, positive elements such as the desire for quality of life, living Jewish lives and better livelihoods.

However, in 2014-2015, the driving factor was anti-Semitism, a negative aspect influencing Aliyah. An uptick in Jew-hatred in France and the war in Ukraine pushed Jews to come to Israel.

Yaacov Edri, Chairman of Ofek Yisraeli and former Israeli Minister of Immigration and absorption, stated that the organization "has been financing and directing immigration activities overseas for four years and the success speaks for itself."

The company "operates with a deep understanding of the needs of the eligible immigrants and the needs of the State of Israel and continues to realize the Zionist vision in the Land of Israel," he added.

Ofek Israeli CEO Shimon Cohen said that the company's high success rate is a testament to its effective activities, and "in terms of the high-tech world of 2019, it's definitely the 'exit' of the decade."

The Canadian Tenors - Hallelujah "Live"

PBS televised performance with Greg Phillinganes (keyboards) John Robinson (drums) Michael Angel Alvarado (guitar) Ian Martin (bass) Noriko (keyboards) featuring Ethan Bortnick.

See you tomorrow bli neder

Love Yehuda Lave

Rabbi Yehuda Lave

PO Box 7335, Rehavia Jerusalem 9107202

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