| An assemblage of ivory plaques from the First Temple period (1200-586 BCE) was unearthed during excavations by the Israel Antiquities Authority and Tel Aviv University at the Givati Parking Lot in the City of David in Jerusalem, in a discovery announced on September 5, 2022. (Yaniv Berman/Israel Antiquities Authority, Gil Mezuman/City of David) Ivory from sub-Saharan Africa was imported to the Land of Israel between 1600- 600 BCE, overcoming geopolitical changes in both arenas, a new study analyzing over 1,500 artifacts and fragments excavated at 46 sites in the region has shown. "It was a very eventful millennium, but one thing remained constant, and that was the exchange of ivory, always [imported] from Africa," said Dr. Harel Shochat from the University of Haifa, the lead author of the paper published in the November 2025 issue of the Journal of Archaeological Science. According to Shochat, the study's results are a testament to the existence of a southbound network of trade and exchanges consistent with some biblical narratives from the period, including the fabled story of the Queen of Sheba's visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem, bringing opulent gifts. Sheba is considered by most scholars to correspond to modern-day Yemen. |